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Normalisation et réglementation du bruit (RSS)
Noise induced hearing loss is still too prevalent in American workplaces as the attempts at “hearing conservation programs” have proven inadequate. The author explains that the American workers have been the subjects in what has been largely a failed experiment for 28 years. Hearing protection devices are neither an efficient nor a humane replacement for eliminating the noise hazard and should once again be allotted their proper place in the control hierarchy. Several studies have found widespread and serious gaps in compliance with requirements such as audiometric testing, training...
The most effective intervention—engineered noise controls (ENC) —is rarely implemented; a qualitative study was designed to investigate barriers to the implementation of ENC. Many factors emerged as possible barriers to the implementation of engineered noise control, including: poor knowledge of relevant regulations, noise reduction options and the health impacts of noise; weak technical skills and experience; low ranking of noise as a hazard by stakeholders; issues around job insecurity, weak language skills; lack of ‘quiet’ machine options and information from equipment...
Le travailleur doit donc démontrer, non pas une exposition à un bruit important ou significatif, mais plutôt une exposition à un bruit «qui dépasse la mesure souhaitable ou permise, qui est trop grand, trop important». La présomption de maladie professionnelle s'applique puisque le travailleur a une atteinte auditive causée par le bruit et qu'il a été exposé à des bruits excessifs dans le cadre de son travail de mécanicien-assembleur de moteurs d'avions. Certaines mesures réalisées...
A widely used metric, the Zwicker loudness calculation method, is currently being deleted from ISO standardization to be replaced with a new method. The Moore & Glasberg method behaves differently than Zwicker method with different signal bandwidths. National technical advisory group representatives to ISO TC43 will present each country's voting position. This issue is very important; there is a possibility of a significant shift in the use and industrial usefulness of psychoacoustic metrics. No «translation formula» may be applied universally to a result calculated with one...
In this retrospective study, medical records of periodic occupational health examinations of 29,644 construction workers are analysed. Pure-tone audiometric thresholds of noise-exposed workers are compared to a non-exposed control group and to ISO-1999 predictions. Regression analyses are conducted to explore the relationship between hearing loss and noise intensity, noise exposure time and the use of hearing protection. For the first decade, the population medians show poorer hearing than predicted by ISO-1999. Duration of noise exposure was a better predictor than noise exposure levels, probably...
OSHA launched a new Safety and Health Topics page on Occupational Noise Exposure to provide resources to prevent noise-related hearing loss, which has been listed as one of the most prevalent occupational health concerns in the United States for more than 25 years. Approximately 30 million people in the United States are occupationally exposed to hazardous noise and thousands of workers every year suffer from preventable hearing loss due to high workplace noise levels. The new Web page provides information on the health effects of hazardous noise exposure and comprehensive information on controls...
The National Hearing Conservation Association (NHCA) sent a letter to the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) advocating the regulatory body to revisit the interpretation and application of noise controls in industrial workplaces. In January 2011, OSHA withdrew its proposal to interpret guidelines emphasizing the use of engineering and administrative controls to mitigate occupational noise. “The implementation and enforcement of noise controls are essential to the success of any occupational hearing conservation program, and often provide additional production...
For the first time in more than 30 years, the Environmental Protection Agency is set to update its regulations concerning hearing protection devices. Although many stakeholders are pleased that EPA is attempting to update the rule, some have expressed concern that the update may not make things clearer for the end user – and that could lead to problems. Using a range of NRR numbers instead of one number could make it more complicated for safety professionals to choose the right device, he said. “There just isn't any lab-based number we can put on a product that can tell you what...
La recommandation vise les machines destinées au milieu de travail qui sont vendues, louées ou importées au Canada et donc au Québec. Santé Canada recommande que le niveau sonore émis soit inclus dans la documentation technico-commerciale et dans leur mode d'emploi. Cette déclaration du bruit émis doit être conforme à la norme Déclaration des valeurs d'émission sonore des machines (CSA Z107.58) de l'Association canadienne de normalisation. D'ailleurs, Santé Canada a collaboré avec le...
Une récente décision en matière de surdité professionnelle propose une analyse différente du risque d’atteinte auditive attribuable à un bruit excessif. La méthode ISO est privilégiée à celle proposée par OSHA qui est pourtant plus conforme à la réglementation québécoise. Dans l’affaire Hansen et Commission scolaire Riverside, le juge administratif Éric Ouellet abonde dans le sens du courant majoritaire quant au fait qu’un travailleur puisse être exposé...
Overcoming barriers to effective noise control and hearing loss prevention The present report describes the outcomes of an investigation of the key factors (‘barriers’ and ‘enablers’) that influence the effective control of occupational noise and prevention of ONIHL. The overall aim of the project was to provide stakeholders with a greater understanding of why a preventable condition such as ONIHL still occurs among Australian workers despite the fact that each jurisdiction in Australia has regulations for exposure to occupational noise. The findings will also assist stakeholders...
Méthodes de laboratoire en salles réverbérantes La présente Norme internationale spécifie une méthode directe et une méthode de comparaison pour déterminer le niveau de puissance acoustique qui serait produit par une source fonctionnant dans les conditions météorologiques normalisées correspondant à une impédance caractéristique rc = 400 N.s/m3 (r étant la densité de l'air et c la vitesse du son). Elle définit des prescriptions concernant la salle d'essai et l'emplacement...
La présente Norme internationale spécifie une méthode d'expertise permettant de mesurer l'exposition au bruit des travailleurs dans un environnement de travail et de calculer le niveau d'exposition au bruit. Elle traite des niveaux pondérés A, mais est également applicable aux niveaux pondérés C. Trois stratégies de mesurage différentes sont spécifiées. La méthode est utile lorsque l'exposition au bruit doit être déterminée avec une classe d'expertise, par exemple pour...